Analysis of Gwendolyn Brooks Poetry - 1742 Words

Gwendolyn Brooks Gwendolyn Brooks poetry as brilliant as it is and as widely heralded as it has become over the past eighty years or so cannot be generalized or stereotyped as simply the work of an African American poet per se, with all the implications that particular ethnic description brings to mind. Indeed, Brooks work offers a diversity of interests, genres, themes, and social situations. In this paper Brooks poems The Lovers of the Poor (a satirical poem that has elements of parody) and The Explorer (an irregularly created poem about isolation and the need for safety from social confusion and alienation) will be critiqued in depth. Thesis: Although many of her well-known poems present images of racism and many are correctly considered protests against injustice vis-ÃÆ' -vis African Americans, it is perhaps not as well known or understood that Gwendolyn Brooks poems also embrace biting satire, parody, humor, irony, and the human stigma of isolation and despair. The Lovers of the Poor One could argue that The Loves of the Poor is offensive to these suburban women who were just trying to be kind to the less fortunate in a Chicago ghetto. It could be perceived (by readers who dont look deeply enough into this poem that it viciously and unfairly attacks women from upper middle class and upper class communities in Chicago (Lake Forest and Glencoe), women who have a sense of social justice and are just trying to help the underclass and those in poverty.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Gwendolyn Brooks And Robert Hayden s Poetry1255 Words   |  6 Pages Reflective Writing An Analysis of Gwendolyn Brooks and Robert Hayden’s Poetry Many artists are also historians, people who record first-hand experience of history, making note of important events to which many will make reference. Artist do this through music, writing, and orally through passed-down stories and legends. In the area of writing, there are many different types which display historical understanding. These categories divide into poems, prose, short stories, and long stories. The categoryRead MoreThe Culture of and Prejudice Against African Americans as Depicted in Gwendolyn Brooks Poetry and Stories1936 Words   |  8 Pagesit all. Author and renowned poet Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brooks discuses and describes many of the cruel and unfair treatment that African Americans have faced throughout our civilization. Brooks’ not only speaks on the racial prejudice of African Americans, but she also discusses the heartaches, the life, and the growth of African Americans as a people. Brooks’ poetry and stories are very similar to her own experien ce growing up as an African American woman. Brooks’ uses the symbol of death many timesRead MoreAnalysis and Interpretation of \1540 Words   |  7 PagesWithout a Hand to Hold Analysis and Interpretation of The Preacher Ruminates: Behind the Sermon Gwendolyn Brooks The Preacher Ruminates: Behind the Sermon gives an eerie look into a ministers mind. Indeed the poems premise is made clear from the opening line: It must be lonely to be God (1). The poem proceeds to note that while God is a much-revered and respected figure, he has no equal. The preachers revelation provides the reader a unique perspective into religion. Brooks points out due toRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Gwendolyn Brooks s The Bean Eaters 1907 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Gwendolyn Brooks is among the most distinguished African-American poets of the twentieth century. With the publication of her second volume of poetry, Annie Allen (1949), she became the first black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize. Noted traditional forms and poignant evocation of urban black experience, Brooks emerged as a leading black literary figure during the 1950s and 1960s. her lyrical poetry addresses racial injustice, poverty, and the private struggles of young blackRead MoreThe Preacher Ruminates: Behind The Sermon (Analysis and Interpretation)1478 Words   |  6 Pagesa Hand to Hold Analysis and Interpretation of The Preacher Ruminates: Behind the Sermon Gwendolyn Brooks The Preacher Ruminates: Behind the Sermon gives an eerie look into a ministers mind. Indeed the poems premise is made clear from the opening line: It must be lonely to be God (1). The poem proceeds to note that while God is a much-revered and respected figure, he has no equal. The preachers revelation provides the reader a unique perspective into religion. Brooks points out due toRead More An Analysis of Brooks First Fight.Then Fiddle Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesAn Analysis of Brooks First Fight.Then Fiddle  Ã‚   Gwendolyn Brooks First fight. Then Fiddle. initially seems to argue for the necessity of brutal war in order to create a space for the pursuit of beautiful art. The poem is more complex, however, because it also implies both that war cannot protect art and that art should not justify war. Yet if Brooks seems, paradoxically, to argue against art within a work of art, she does so in order create an artwork that by its very recognition of artsRead More Gwendolyn Brooks Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pages Gwendolyn Brooks- A Critical Analysis of Her Work nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gwendolyn Brooks is the female poet who has been most responsive to changes in the black community, particularly in the community’s vision of itself. The first African American to be awarded a Pulitzer Prize; she was considered one of America’s most distinguished poets well before the age of fifty. Known for her technical artistry, she has succeeded in forms as disparate as Italian terza rima and the blues. She hasRead MoreMother to Son and the Coora Flower: a Poetry Analysis1417 Words   |  6 PagesMother to Son and The Coora Flower: A Poetry Analysis In poetry, more so than any other form of literature, understanding sound, meaning and theme are key to understanding the work itself. In the case of the poems â€Å"Mother to Son† by Langston Hughes and â€Å"The Coora Flower† by Gwendolyn Brooks these elements, when heavily focused upon, allow the reader to discover the message that these writers were attempting to convey. Thought both writers use these elements to their fullest to communicate their respectiveRead MoreAnalysis Of Message From Mirror, Courage, Explore, Douglas1234 Words   |  5 PagesAn analysis of 1 message from Mirror, Courage, Explore, Douglas â€Å"Live life to the fullest because you only get to live once.† Life is full of ups and downs and it will not always be perfect but if you live life great and look at it optimistically then it will be great. Life goes fast and is some moments of it you blink and the memory is gone. We need to look at life like it is great and easy. Take high school for example as you live in it, it is horrible and sucks but if you ask other people theyRead MoreYolo1583 Words   |  7 Pageslandscape of the images in the story. Draw images shown in the story. Homework Travel Tracer Quiz Individual artwork based on poems Imagery China : Ah-mah - Shirley Geok-lin Lim Pre-reading activity : Present foot-binding images of Chinese women. Poetry reading Interpretation Identify the significant human Discuss the patriarchal culture of China. Categorize the good and bad customs and traditions of China and Philippines Discussion 4 Song from Shi Ching 3 appreciation. Misogyny, Patriarchal

Synthetic vs. Conventional Motor Oil

According to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, 85 percent of the motor oil changed at home by do-it-yourself-ers. About 9.5 million gallons a year in that state alone ends up disposed of improperly in sewers, soil, and trash. Multiply that by 50 states and it is easy to see how used motor oil might well be one of the largest sources of pollution affecting groundwater and U.S. waterways. The implications are startling indeed, as one quart of oil can create a two-acre sized oil slick, and a gallon of oil can contaminate a million gallons of fresh water. The Lesser of Two Evils Conventional motor oils are derived from petroleum, whereas synthetic oils are replicas manufactured from chemicals that are really no kinder to the environment than petroleum. Plus, those chemicals used to make synthetic oil also come from, ultimately, petroleum. As such, conventional and synthetic motor oils are about equally guilty when it comes to how much pollution they create. But Ed Newman, Marketing Manager for AMSOIL Inc., which has been producing and selling synthetics since the 1970s, believes that the synthetics are environmentally superior for the simple reason that they last about three times as long as conventional oils before they have to be drained and replaced. Additionally, Newman says that synthetics have lower volatility and, therefore, do not boil off or vaporize as quickly as petroleum motor oils. Synthetics lose from 4 percent to 10 percent of their mass in the high-heat conditions of internal combustion engines, whereas petroleum-based oils lose up to 20 percent, he says. Economically, however, synthetics are more than three times the cost of petroleum oils, and whether or not they are worth the difference is the subject of frequent, inconclusive debate among auto enthusiasts. Do Your Homework But before deciding for yourself, consult your car’s owner’s manual regarding what the manufacturer recommends for your model. You can void your car’s warranty if the manufacturer requires one type of oil and you put in another. For instance, many car manufacturers require that you use only synthetic motor oil for their higher-end models. These cars can now go up to 10,000 miles between oil changes. Natural Alternatives While synthetics seem to be the lesser of two evils for now, some promising new alternatives derived from vegetable products are coming of age. A pilot project at Purdue University, for example, has produced motor oil from canola crops that outperforms both traditional and synthetic oils with regard to both performance and production price, not to mention greatly lessened environmental impact. Despite the benefits, though, mass production of such bio-based oils would probably not be feasible, as it would require setting aside large amounts of agricultural land that could otherwise be used for food crops. But such oils may have a place as niche players as the worldwide market for petroleum products diversifies due to dwindling reserves and related geopolitical tensions. EarthTalk is a regular feature of E/The Environmental Magazine. Selected EarthTalk columns are reprinted on ThoughtCo  by permission of the editors of E. Edited by Frederic Beaudry

The Age of Elderlyin Iran is Changing - 1826 Words

Background: The population ageing phenomenon has started in many of developing countries like Iran. Most developed countries have accepted the age of â€Å"65† years as a definition of â€Å"elderly†, but some developing countries like Iran consider the age of â€Å"60†. We aimed to compare the physical and mental health of people who aged 60-64 years with those who aged 65-69 years in order to determine if the definition of elderly in our country is true. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April to September 2011, in the west in Iran. Participants in this study are those who referred to the elderly care centers. With random sampling, 2 from 3 centers and with convenience sampling 302 peoples aged 60-69 years were selected. All participants were interviewed via face to face or with telephone using standard questionnaires including Kessler (K6) scale, psychological wellbeing scale, activities of daily living scale and sf-36 scale. The statistical differences were assessed by Pearson’s chi-square at 5% level of significance. Results: Statistical comparisons have shown that there is a significant difference among two age groups under study regarding to psychological distress scale, psychological wellbeing scale and activity of daily living scale. No meaningful difference was seen concern with physical functioning (SF-36) scale between two groups. Conclusion: Our finding proposed that age of 60 possibly is better for onset of delivering elderly care services. Other

The Effects Of Psychological Safety On Employee Creativity

However, studies on this relationship are neglected. Thus, more studies to confirm that relationship is needed. Furthermore, several previous studies propose that psychological safety is related to employee creativity (Gong et al., 2009; Hirak et al., 2012; Kark Carmeli, 2009; Oldham Cummings, 1996). For example, Oldham and Cummings (1996) employe personal characteristics such as confident as an antecedent of employee creativity. Slightly different, Scott and Bruce (1994) disclose that innovative behaviour of an employee is affected by the employee psychological conditions such as environment support which makes the employee feel safe. Thus, when an employee feels safe, he/she can do his/her work creatively because he/she feels comfortable and can develop innovative way in doing his/her job. In addition, Amabile et al. (1996) reveal that employee creativity depends on individual aspects such as workload pressure and the freedom of employee. Hence, we argue that individual or inner- psychological safety which comes from individual aspects has an impact on employee creativity. In other words, to increase an employee creativity, he/she should be safe psychologically. However, to the best of our knowledge, the number of studies which emphasise the relationship between psychological safety in individual context and creativity is very limited. Hence, from the above discussion, we predict two hypotheses as follows: H3a. Inner-psychological safety relates to team psychologicalShow MoreRelatedEmployee Motivation in the Workplace1413 Words   |  6 Pagesone would have to hire employees who perform well and product and or quality is of the same caliber. The key to an employee performance is motivation. The expression, you can lead a horse to water but you cannot force it to drink water, can be seen within the human race. The purpose of this paper is to discuss motivation in the workplace. To have a successful company, employee must be motivated enough to work and get the job done. One way have success in the workplace is to define the moraleRead MoreEmployee View Leadership Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment For this task, imagine that you have been asked to write an article in the (fictional) Internet business newsletter called Business Tips, on how to increase creativity and problem solving in teams. Write a brief article suitable for publication in the newsletter, including bullet points to summarize topics, anecdotes where necessary, and graphics to illustrate your points when appropriate. Support your article with at least two research articles published in peer-reviewed journals inRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management : Cirque Du Soleil1743 Words   |  7 Pagesexperience with creativity and enthusiasm, thus raising the bars of the circus industry and creating opportunities for mutual growth and expansion. Issue Statement: In the case study of Cirque Du Soleil, despite of organisation growing aggressively and investment being made on the employees yet there were several problems related to the employees. In order to achieve it’s vision, there are certain barriers which are regarding the handling of the large talent pool of artists, health and safety of the artistsRead MoreEmployee Motivation Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesevery other week or every other day. The management in Steelcase Co. is very pleased with the results of this method and believes it fulfills the needs of the employee and the employer. Steelcase Co. and Corning Co. are always seeking new ways of bringing out the best of their workers. One manager states â€Å"They are allowed to use their creativity, they are allowed to be innovative, and their work and innovation goes to the bottom line and helps make the business more competitive.† Downsizing –accordingRead MoreDeveloping A Type Of Training Program Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesreduction of musculoskeletal work related disorders and its psychological consequences. Program objectives include reducing employee injury and costs, improving employee engagement, reducing patient injury and costs, improving patient satisfaction by coordinating care, and improved patient outcomes. The â€Å"Safe Patient Mobility Program† which includes strategies intended to safely transfer patients improving their care and safety, and reduce employee injuries by reducing the need for lifting patients willRead MoreWhy Job Design Is An Effective Mechanism For Providing Employees Voice1713 Words   |  7 Pagesorganizations. Besides affecting employee behavior and satisfaction, the way a job is designed also impacts performance and thus overall well-being of the organization. Being an essential link between employees and organization, job design could possibly be an effe ctive mechanism to provide employees voice. Employee voice is â€Å"the participation of employees in influencing organizational decision-making† (Davis, E.M, Lansbury, R.D, 1996). Employee participation consists of employee engagement and empowermentRead MoreManagement Of Power By Saint Louis Medical Center993 Words   |  4 Pagesleaders motivate their staff by appealing to moral values that stem from the organization’s vision statement (Doody Doody, 2012). These types of leaders create a work environment in which the staff feels safe to take certain risks that promote creativity and innovation (Doody Doody, 2012). They encourage communication, teamwork, and professional collaboration to help staff deal with healthcare’s rapid changes (Tinkham, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to describe my management of power throughRead MoreWhy Is Motivation Important For An Organization?1469 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Grensing-Pophal (2002), motivation is giving employees a reason to perform something. Motivated employees are more likely to miss less work, perform at a higher level, and be more likely to stay at their current company. All of these effects will result in a more successful business. The first set of theories I am going to discuss is need theories. According to Jones and George (2011), need theories of motivation center around the idea that employees are motivated to perform at workRead MoreThe Problem Of Employees Everyday Stress At Work1441 Words   |  6 Pagesproductivity and quality level in an organisation. Matin, Razavi Emamgholizadeh (2014) even emphasised that stress in organisations is one of the many influential factors that decreases the productivity level of a workforce by a huge amount. An employee who is affected by stress does not have the capability to actually think and perform effectively. As a result, productivity level declines since employees produce a very low quality outcome of performance. This essay will then guide you to threeRead MoreThe Effects Of Workplace On Health And Wellbeing Of Their Employees1508 Words   |  7 Pagesemployees. Workplace bullying includes verbal, physical, psychological or social abuse by an employer or colleague at work. Rousseau et al (2015, p.287) define workplace bullying as ‘repeated occurrences of negative acts over a sustained duration’ in which victims are unable to defend themselves. Furthermore, Randall (cited in Olive and Cangemi, 2015, p.20) defines workplace bullying as ‘aggressive behaviours that are intended to inflict psychological angst or even physical harm’. Although there are numerous

The Death Penalty Should Be Abolished - 1403 Words

It’s been said that looks could be deceiving. For Ronald Cotton, this was definitely the case when he was accused of a crime that he did not commit but really it was Bobby Poole who was an exact image of him; he had to spend 11 years of his life in prison before getting his life back. (Weinberg 358-359). Flaws such as this in our justice system are a reason why abolishing the death penalty is still a controversial debate. The legal system is there to defend the cries of the innocent, yet it cannot seem to determine who the innocents are. Until the voice of its people can be defended, the death penalty should be abolished. It is administering its punishments hoping they have the right perpetrator. It’s basically a guessing game and that should not be the case when it comes to who will end up getting deprived of their life. The death penalty is a racially biased system that is sometimes unfairly administered to innocent people not guilty of a crime and also leaving the fa mily of defendants with a burden of a shameful and isolating image. The death penalty dates back to when America was granted its independence from England. Although it was not as controversial as it is now, the death penalty was already enacted into our justice system from the onset of our nation. Throughout the years, the anti- death penalty movement has been fighting to abolish the death penalty in the United States. Initially, abolitionists of capital punishment were arguing that the death penalty wasShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1192 Words   |  5 PagesNo Death Penalty Capital crime is something that is meant for people that are found guilty of committing a serious crime, such as murder, rape, or theft. These are offences that should not be taken lightly but by killing the offender, the government is carrying about the action that they are trying to prevent. Also, the wrong person may be sentenced to death. After this person is executed, there is obviously nothing that can be done for the terrible mistake to be reversed. The death penalty shouldRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?. The Death Penalty982 Words   |  4 PagesShould the death penalty be abolished? The death penalty is a â€Å"term that applies to capital punishment and is the worst penalty given for committing a murder or an atrocious assault.† (Black s Law Dictionary). Death penalty has been a part of human society and is legally approved for centuries. The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the Eighteenth Century B.C. in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for 25 different crimes. Death sentencesRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1925 Words   |  8 Pages Abstract This paper explores five published articles that report on discussion on the very old and yet to answer question of whether the death penalty in the USA should be abolished? The articles, however, vary in their stand on death penalty. In all article it is very different on publisher stand. They discuss thing argument with their own way and vision of thinking. Adina Nicoleta (2011) has raised question for fair trial on the proceeding of the criminal cases. In other article Maestro MarcelloRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1534 Words   |  7 PagesIntro The death penalty gives humans in our legal system rights to decide who deserves to live, a power only God should possess. Capital Punishment takes away our rights as equals. From its origins, the death penalty has been an inhumane, costly, ineffective, and biased form of punishment that needs to be abolished granting everyone their right to live. History of the Death Penalty Down through history, the death penalty has been adapted to be justifiable in the eyes of the people. By alteringRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1523 Words   |  7 Pagescriminals has been performed by nearly every society to date. The death penalty came to the Americas when European settlers brought the idea of capitol punishment from Britain. The ideology behind taking someone’s life for crimes they have committed is a simple one. If a person commits a hennas crime such as murder or rape, they shall receive the death penalty. In more recent times we now see many countries abolishing the death penalty. The trend suggests that the capitol punishment policies still implementedRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1306 Words   |  6 Pageschanged since the 17th century, so why not the age old penalty of death? Capital punishment in the United States is a highly debated topic. Arguments that want to get rid of this method of punishment usually mention th e many problems that capital punishment is plagued with. The death penalty has many issues that cannot be resolved, and since these issues can’t be solved, the death penalty should be abolished. â€Å"The irrevocable nature of the death penalty renders it an unsustainable and indefensible remedyRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1440 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty is a very controversial topic in the United States. It is implemented for the purpose of providing safety to the community and bringing justice to victims and their families. The death penalty is legal in thirty-one states (â€Å"31 States†), and there are over forty different types of federal capital crimes that are eligible for the death penalty. These include crimes such as treason and kidnapping that results in murder (â€Å"41 Federal†). However, many argue whether the death penalty isRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished968 Words   |  4 PagesEvery year, thousands of lives are legally taken under the death penalty. Why should we take more lives than the ones that have already been taken? The death penalty is the punishment of execution, carried out legally against an individual convicted of a capital crime. Its proponents argue that the death penalty deters other criminals who may intend to commit similar crimes in the future. However, there is little statistical evidence to support this claim. Also, execution eliminates the criminalRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1350 Words   |  6 PagesShould the death penalty be abolished? The death penalty, also known as capital punishment is a legal procedure in which a state executes a person for crimes he/she has committed. This punishment has been used by many states, and is normally used for serious crimes, especially murder. It is also used on crimes against the state such as treason, crimes against humanity, espionage, and violent crimes while other states use it as part of military justice. There are mixed reactions on capital punishmentRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1443 Words   |  6 Pages 6 Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished in the United States? Adalynne Francis CRJU 1000 Dr. Huss November 14, 14 Should capital punishment/ death penalty be abolished in the United States? Many feel that the death penalty is immoral and question whether the state and federal government deserve the right to kill those whom it has imprisoned. On the other hand, those opposed feel that by not acting upon the death penalty communities would plunge in anarchy and that by

Rock Music and Outstanding Rock Bands Essay Example For Students

Rock Music and Outstanding Rock Bands Essay It was truly a sensory overloading festival and nearly drove me crazy. My body shook as if they stood on the middle of the big earthquake because of the monstrous excitement that held me. Also, the quality of sound was so extremely magnificent that I could feel every step of guitarists fingering with superb performances. And every time drummer hit the drum, my heartbeat followed that rhythm. So, I was afraid that if my heart Jumped out of my chest. It even made my teeth chatter. The whole space seemed to be Jammed of thrilling atmosphere and moved with the beat of each song. The passion of people was enormous. They frantically rocked and danced to the rhythm of the rock song, so I had to actually become one with the people around me. The crowd didnt allow any personal space. We were all closely packed in there like Handed Beach during the peak of summer. The first artist of the concert is Basso. He is an Indies rapper in Korea. At first, I didnt know about him much so my reaction was passive. But, as the song began, I was captured by his unique music style and fantastic lyrics. Then, my reaction turned to be enthusiastic. Especially, I was fall in love with the song, Hero. This song was absolutely a masterpiece. All the strong beats, powerful rapping, and supremely confident lyrics Everything was perfect. After the performances over, I couldnt utter a word, even a sigh, because I overwhelmed by the magnificence of Bassos music style.. Then, band Teardrop came upon the second stage. As soon as stepped onto stage, they played their song, Die To Live Right away without any comment. So I was embarrassed at first, but soon I was easily immersed in their ardent performances. I was so excited that I ran, Jumped high, and rocked my body harshly. It was literally made me almost dead because It was too hard for me. After the performances, they said that the reason they played their music right away was to make the audience concentrate on music. And I did as they intended. So I thought they succeeded what they want to do. On third stage, the band who was well known for their frantic music and performances, Galaxy Express showed up. Even before the music started, all audiences were shouted their name and made a noise with great expectations of crazy performances. And, as soon as their representative song Oh yeah! Was played, all audiences raved like a madman and screamed as if they had seen a monster. The concert hall almost seemed to collapse because of the heavy weight of frantic and lunatic atmosphere. And finally, my favorite Indies band came. The last band was Dibble. When the first song Abandoned was played, I couldnt take my eyes off the stage. The Fantastic performances and plenty of lighting technicians kept my eyes filled with colorful enders as the music played on. The stage was a cons tant flurry of excitement. This was generally caused by the two great guitarists, Sunshiny and Rock. Add to this, As befitted to their band name Dibble, they showed completely good harmony and superlative performances. It was a best stage I had ever experienced of my life. After the all performances over, I couldnt take my feet off the ground because my heart and legs were shook like the old branches swayed in the wind. It was truly amazing to that extent. Im sure I cant forget the experience I had that day. Rock will never die!

Drivers of International Marketing

Question: Task The first assessment is designed to help ensure you have two key skills you will need throughout this subject: (1) applying theory to real world situations and (2) referencing. If you can do both these things well, many of the issues associated with preparing and producing work for this subject will be reduced. We have provided three resources for you to use to help you with Assessment One. Even if you feel very confident about your researching and referencing skills, please go to each resource before you begin the assessment as you will need to use them to complete the task. Access the following in your Resources folder on Interact: o Online research using Google Scholar o Finding sources using Primo Search o Referencing using APA style o How to apply theory to practice Then, select either an Australian or overseas country based organisation with which you are familiar. This may be where you work, where a friend or family member works, or a well-known organisation in which you would like to work. Using the drivers of international marketing from Topic 01 (Ch1, p.8-9), explain for the management of this organisation why they need to expand their involvement with international marketing. Use theory and real world examples to illustrate your points. Drivers: o Market needs o Technology o Cost scale o Government o Communication Answer: Introduction The drivers of international marketing are influenced both by external and internal factors. Broadly, these factors can be divided into market needs, technology, cost scale, government as well as communication (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2013). Brief Review of the Organization The organization considered in evaluating these factors on the global platform of international expansion is Woolworths Limited, Australia. Woolworths Limited mainly deals in its subsidiaries and the subsidiary that will be evaluated here is Woolworths Supermarkets. Woolworths Supermarkets is only operating in Australia and outsourcing its 96% fresh produce (Woolworths Limited, 2016). The supermarket has been acting as a duopoly with Coles and desires to extend its supermarkets chain of fresh produce in New York, United States. The drivers that needs to be considered are given as following. Market Needs Woolworths Supermarkets in Australia has multi-channel retailing, which needs to be extended further in international marketing. The supermarket chain has unique as well as profitable business. However, the retail chain needs to improve while meeting the needs and preferences of the customers. Nevertheless, Woolworths has been meeting the demand of customers by giving unbeatable value to fresh food because there has been a drift to healthier foods. It opts to take fresh market share leadership towards the level of grocery through quality, experienced supply chain management from the farm to the consumer, better merchandising and presentation (Woolworths Limited, 2012). As this retail chain is based on customer led choice, it will provide new categories across the stores in the international market Technology The best practices and processes in technology will be adopted that will provide true knowledge to the customers. Moreover, with the help of online portal, it will deliver fresh food products from Woolworths supermarkets to customers in small span of time. Overall, it promotes to practice, fresh food delivery by ordering online. Cost- Scale The cost scale can be based on the mode of entry strategy applied in international market. Moreover, the cost scale will be examined by providing the opportunity to win share through special offer that could be tailored in all stores based on the budget catchment. The local specialist of New York in fresh food will provide the knowledge of the market in a way that the retail chain could devise good range with fewer price points (Woolworths Limited, 2012). Government The United States follow Trans-Pacific Partnership and Free Trade Agreement for business investments from other countries. These agreements provide lower economic barriers to promote trade. However, Woolworths Supermarkets will be established in New York under the Free Trade Agreement of United States (Schott, 2016). Communication Woolworths Supermarkets in fresh produce determines to build the brands in New York using credentials as well as focusing on customer values and needs. Moreover, in the international market, Woolworths will give fresh food produce at competitive prices with relevant promotions. On the other hand, when it comes brand communication strategy, Woolworths supermarkets is customer driven and develops to provide Everyday Rewards based on loyalty points (Woolworths Limited, 2012). Conclusion To conclude, it can be said that drivers of the international marketing are the key aspects that needs to be considered before international expansion. As far as Woolworths Supermarkets retail chain is considered, the expansion in its fresh produce will prove to be beneficial for both Australia as well as United States. References Czinkota, M. R., Ronkainen, I. A. (2013).International marketing. Cengage Learning. Investor Presentation: Strategic Priorities of Woolworths. (2012).Woolworths Limited. Retrieved 4 August 2016, from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/icms_docs/130560_Investor_Day_Presentation_2011.pdf Schott, J. (2016).Are Trade Agreements Good for Americans? - Room for Debate - NYTimes.com.Nytimes.com. Retrieved 4 August 2016, from https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2016/03/17/are-trade-agreements-good-for-americans Woolworths Supermarkets - Woolworths Limited. (2016).Woolworths Limited. Retrieved 4 August 2016, from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Our_Brands/Supermarkets/Woolworths/